In 1980, German theorist Jürgen Habermas viewed modernism as an extension of the Enlightenment, emphasizing reason, a break from blind adherence to tradition, and the use of rational discourse to reform society. He critiqued French Structuralists, such as Michel Foucault and Jacques Derrida, for rejecting Enlightenment ideals, arguing that they undermined concepts of reason, clarity, truth, and progress.